Efektivitas Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis STEM untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Abad 21 pada Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar Negeri 32 Muaro Putuih
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61292/cognoscere.248Keywords:
Pembelajaran IPA, STEM, Keterampilan Abad 21Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of STEM-based science learning (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in improving 21st century skills in grade V students at SD Negeri 32 Muaro Putuih. In the era of society 5.0, education is required to prepare students with critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration (4C) skills to be ready to face global challenges. This study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design involving experimental and control groups. The experimental group received STEM-based science learning, while the control group received conventional learning methods. The research instrument was a 21st century skills test that had been validated and tested for reliability. Data analysis was conducted using t-test and effect size calculation using Cohen's d. The results showed that the experimental group experienced an increase in 21st century skills. The results showed that the experimental group experienced a significant increase in all aspects of 4C skills, with an average effect size of 2.12, which is in the high category. This finding shows that STEM-based learning is effective in developing 21st century skills, making it suitable to be applied in an effort to prepare students for the era of society 5.0.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pembelajaran IPA berbasis STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan abad 21 pada siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 32 Muaro Putuih. Di era society 5.0, pendidikan dituntut untuk mempersiapkan siswa dengan keterampilan berpikir kritis, kreativitas, komunikasi, dan kolaborasi (4C) agar siap menghadapi tantangan global. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-experimental yang melibatkan kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol. Kelompok eksperimen mendapatkan pembelajaran IPA berbasis STEM, sedangkan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan metode pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes keterampilan abad 21 yang telah divalidasi dan diuji reliabilitasnya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji-t dan perhitungan effect size menggunakan Cohen's d. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok eksperimen mengalami peningkatan signifikan pada semua aspek keterampilan 4C, dengan nilai rata-rata effect size sebesar 2.12, yang termasuk kategori tinggi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis STEM efektif dalam mengembangkan keterampilan abad 21, sehingga cocok diterapkan dalam upaya mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi era society 5.0.
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